How Do You Define an AI Companion?
View original at spectrum.ieee.orgIEEE Spectrum - Technical Title: How Do You Define an AI Companion?…
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Many people develop AI companionship inadvertently, not by purposefully seeking companionship but through repeated use of AI tools for other purposes
80% confidenceSophisticated robotic companion bodies become very expensive and therefore inaccessible to many people; toylike bodies are accessible but limiting
80% confidenceSocial relatedness is one of the three intrinsic psychological needs, and humans will seek it from any available source including AI if not otherwise met
80% confidenceThe rise of AI companionship resulted from a perfect storm of LLM maturation converging with post-COVID social isolation
80% confidenceThe field lacks longitudinal data to support causal claims linking AI companions to loneliness; studies show conflicting results — some show companions increase loneliness, others show they reduce it, and other work suggests loneliness precedes companion use
80% confidenceData privacy concerns around intimate data shared with company-owned AI agents are a very reasonable concern
80% confidenceAI companionship is a connection between a human and a machine that is dyadic, sustained over time, positively valenced, and autotelic
80% confidenceFollowing the collapse of the soulmate app, many users stated they would only trust AI companions they could run locally on their own computers
80% confidenceMost scholars abandoned technological determinism long ago; communication sciences does not assume machines make people do things because humans have agency in technology interactions
80% confidenceIt is irresponsible to discount the lived experiences of people who get real benefits and deeply meaningful experiences from AI companions
80% confidenceCausal claims about AI companions making users suicidal or causing them to abandon other humans are based on unfortunate but uncommon situations and lack longitudinal data support
80% confidenceWhen Replika disabled its erotic roleplay module, users described their companions as having been lobotomized
80% confidenceThere appear to be two relational templates for AI companionship: purely autotelic appreciation and a hybrid autotelic-utilitarian pattern
80% confidenceEmbodied AI companions are limited by their physical body's capabilities, whereas digital-only AI allows users to explore fantastic scenarios impossible with physical entities
80% confidenceChildren's difficulty navigating boundaries between fiction and reality is a valid concern regarding AI companion interactions with minors
80% confidence
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